Routes give life to different regions of Brazil and avoid the generation of a possible bottleneck in this process of growth, bolstering a nascent economic development which has specific effects on the social situation of the population which slowly improves their income levels and begins to change their consumption habits. This phenomenon, that it promises to accelerate in the medium term, it is followed with attention by the implications that you have in the cash market for domestic consumption increasing, since, although the population of Brazil reaches to the 190 million inhabitants, a high proportion of it is located below the poverty line by possessing a limited purchasing power. Although it is still premature and complex to estimate how these investments in the railway sector will impact on different economic sectors of Brazil, which can be ensured is that they will have a sensitive and sustained at the level of employment, incidence that will require great amount of labor for the laying of the railway branches and all those activities required to build the infrastructure that the project needs. Investments in the railway sector promise beyond the Brazilian borders. From Peru, another economy that promises an interesting economic development in the coming years and prepares to do so, has emerged a version related to the topic. The concessionaire of the railway line that connects the South and Southeast of Peru, Transandine Railway (Fetransa), is considering a project to build a railway line linking the country with Brazilian territory, project with an estimated investment of more than US $1. 000 million, a lead time of between five and ten years, and which may imply an important increase of the trade flow between the two countries and regions that will be crossed by the railroad to flourish. Also probably premature to venture the project impact of railway investments on the different economic sectors in Brazil.